Giorgio Vasari is best known as the author of Lives of the Most Excellent Painters, Sculptors, and Architects, a monumental compendium of artist biographies. He was also a successful architect and a prolific painter for the Medici dukes of Florence. Here, he depicted an episode from the life of Saint Jerome, a scholar, translator of the Bible, and advocate of monasticism, an ascetic lifestyle dedicated to spiritual contemplation. While meditating in the desert, he was assailed by tempting visions, here personified as Venus, the Roman goddess of love, accompanied by cupids. The work is unfinished: The black-chalk grid, used as an aid in enlarging and transferring the preparatory drawing onto the panel, is still visible through the thinly applied initial paint layers.